环境政策、环保投资与公众参与对工业废气减排影响的实证研究

Empirical Research on the Impact of Emission Reduction towards Industrial Waste Gas from Environmental Policy,Environmental Protection Investment and Public Participation

中国工业经济30多年高速增长的背后是环境污染的沉重代价,而健全的环境政策体制、完善的环保投资机制和规范的公众参与制度是协调经济效益与废气减排双重矛盾的重要举措。文章运用中国大陆2001—2012年的区域时间系列数据,探讨了环境政策、环保投资和公众参与对工业废气减排的影响。结果表明,环境政策工具中,行政化和市场化政策工具对工业废气减排存在正向影响,且均存在累积效应。但市场化政策工具对工业废气减排的效果明显大于行政化政策工具。然而,不同政策工具对工业废气减排存在地区差异性,市场化政策在东部的效果最明显,而行政化政策在西部最显著。同时,环保投资对工业废气减排只在当期存在显著正向影响,说明当前环保效率依然低下,无法形成长期效应。此外,公众参与对工业废气减排存在显著正向影响及累积效应,说明完善公众参与制度会促进更大的减排效果。最后,根据对实证结果的分析,提出了有针对性的政策建议。

The rapid growth of Chinese economy in recent 30 years is sacrificed by its environmental. Pollution While thesignificant measures to coordinate the contradiction between economic benefit and waste gas reduction are sound environmentalpolicy regime, perfect investment mechanism of environmental protection and normal public participation institution. Based onserial data during 2001-2012 in Chinese mainland, this paper discussed the influences on industrial waste gas reduction fromenvironmental policy, environment friendly investment and public participation. It is resulted that the policy instruments ofadministration and market have positive influences on waste gas reduction, with accumulative effect. While the effect of marketpolicy instrument is obviously stronger than that of administration, however, regional differences exist from various policyinstruments. Market policy works well in eastern areas, while administration policy in western areas. Meanwhile the environmentfriendly investment only shows obvious positive influence on industrial waste gas reduction at present, which illustrates thelow efficiency of current environment protection, and long-term effect could not be realized. In addition, positive influence andaccumulate effect have been proved prominently by public participation, which explains better public participation institutionwill enhance the effect of reduction. Finally, according to the analysis to empirical results, target-oriented recommendations onpolicy are put forward.