中国行政规制的合理化

On the Rationalization of Administrative Regulation in China

中国与发达国家相比,其发展阶段不同,行政规制改革的背景和步骤也不同。但是,各国的行政规制改革,在目标上却存在诸多相同性——其共通的目标就是规制的合理化。在中国,全面、正确地贯彻实施《行政许可法》,是各级政府和政府各部门的一项重要职责,也是政府法制建设的一项重要任务。改革行政规制的核心任务,是推进整合优化规制系统,以解决行政规制合理化问题。改革的指导原则应当是落实行政程序的三大基本原则:公正原则、效率原则和公开原则。具体推进行政规制的改革,则应从两个方面着手:一方面是深化行政规制的法制建设;另一方面是注重行政规制的关联性制度建设。完善行政规制的法制建设包括三大部分,即行政规制决策、行政规制运行及行政规制监督和责任。这三方面的法制建设完善相辅相成,共同构成行政规制的法制度。完善行政规制的关联性制度建设,涉及许多领域,其中特别重要的包括政府机构改革及政府职能转变,还有公务员制度改革等。中国的行政规制改革,应当立足于《行政许可法》、《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》和国务院《全面推进依法行政实施纲要》所确立的基本制度框架和基本原则,切实地依法推进。

Compared with the developed countries, the background and steps of administrative regulation reformin China are different. However, the reform of administrative regulation in various countries have many similarities,their common goal is the rationalization of regulation. The core task of reforming administrative regulation is to promote, integrate and optimize the regulatory system that can solve the problem of rationalization of administrative regulation. The guiding principles of the reform should be the three basic principles of the administrative procedure: the principle of justice,the principle of efficiency and the principle of openness. To promote the reform of administrative regulation,we should proceed from two aspects: to deepen the construction of the legal system of administrative regulation; to focus on the construction of the Relevance System of Administrative Regulation. The improvement of the construction of the legal system of administrative regulation includes three major parts, namely the administrative decision-making, administrative regulation and administrative supervision and responsibility. China's administrative regulation reform should actively push forward according to law.