北京市某社区卫生服务中心常见儿童意外伤害类别分析

Common Accidental Injury Category in Children in a Community Health Service Center in Beijing

目的分析北京市某社区常见儿童意外伤害类别,为全科医生早期、有效防治社区常见儿童意外伤害提供参考。方法选取2014年1月—2016年1月中国农业大学西区社区卫生服务中心收治的出现意外伤害的儿童156例,回顾性分析其临床资料,包括性别、年龄、意外伤害类别及其发生时间、发生地点、发生时看护人情况。结果156例出现意外伤害的患儿中男90例(占57.7%),女66例(占42.3%);学龄前54例(占34.6%),学龄期47例(占30.1%),少年37例(占23.7%),青春期18例(占11.6%)。意外伤害类别:跌伤及软组织损伤50例(占32.1%),足篮球运动所致关节损伤30例(占19.2%),运动所致面部撞击伤20例(占12.8%),猫狗抓咬伤18例(占11.5%),高处跌落所致踝扭伤13例(占8.4%),蜂蛰伤12例(占7.7%),烧烫伤10例(占6.5%),高处跌落所致颅脑损伤2例(占1.2%),意外窒息1例(占0.6%);发生时间:1月份5例(占3.2%),2月份6例(占3.8%),3月份9例(占5.7%),4月份10例(占6.4%),5月份14例(占9.0%),6月份18例(占11.6%),7月份23例(占14.7%),8月份21例(占13.5%),9月份23例(占14.8%),10月份15例(占9.6%),11月份7例(占4.5%),12月份5例(占3.2%);发生地点:室内/家中15例(占9.6%),校园绿化带/庭院空旷处49例(占31.4%),运动场所92例(占59.0%);发生时看护人情况:84例(占53.8%)有看护人,72例(占46.2%)无看护人。结论社区常见儿童意外伤害类别为跌伤及软组织损伤、足篮球运动所致关节损伤、运动所致面部撞击伤及猫狗抓咬伤等,存在一定的性别及年龄差异,夏秋季多发,全科医生应结合社区实际情况进行有针对性的健康教育。

Objective To analyze the common accidental injury category in children in a community health service center in Beijing, to provide references for general practitioners to early and effective prevent and treat common accidental injury category in children. Methods A total of 156 children with accidental injury were selected in Community Health Service Center of West Campus of China Agricultural University from January 2014 to January 2016, and their clinical data was retrospectively analyzed, including gender, age, accidental injury category and the occurrence time, occurrence places and orderlies. Results Of the 156 children, 90 were male （accounting for57.7% ）, 66 cases were female （accounting for 42. 3% ） ; 54 cases were preschool （ accounting for 34, 6% ）, 47 cases were school - age （ accounting for 30. 1% ）, 37 cases were juvenile （ accounting for 23. 7% ）, 18 cases were adolescent （accounting for 11.6% ） ; accidental injury category： 50 cases with falling injury and soft tissue injury （accounting for 32. 1% ）, 30 cases with joint injury caused by football or basketball sports （ accounting for 19. 2% ）, 20 cases with facial impact injury caused by sports （accounting for 12.8% ）, 18 cases with scratch and bite injury caused by cats or dogs （accounting for 11.5% ）, 13 cases with ankle sprain caused by falling accidents （accounting for 8.4% ）, 12 cases with wasp sting （ accounting for 7. 7% ） , 10 cases with burns （ accounting for 6. 5% ）, 2 cases with craniocerebral injury caused by falling accidents （ accounting for 1.2% ）, 1 case with accidental suffocation （ accounting for 0. 6% ） ; occurrence time： 5 cases in January （accounting for 3.2% ）, 6 cases in February （accounting for 3.8% ）, 9 cases in March （aceounting for 5.7% ）, 10 cases in April （ accounting for 6.4% ） , 14 cases in May （ accounting for 9.0% ）, 18 cases in June （ accounting for 11.6% ）, 23 eases in July （ accounting for 14. 7% ） , 21 cases in August （ accounting for 13.5% ）, 23 cases in September （accounting for ld. 8% ）, 15 cases in October （accounting for9. 6% ）, 7 cases in November （accounting for 4. 5% ）, 5 cases in December （accounting for 3.2% ）; occurrence places： 15 cases were indoor/at home （ accounting for 9.6% ）, 49 cases in campus green behs/courtyard empty place （ accounting for 31.4% ）, 92 cases in sports place （accounting for 59.0%）; orderlies： 84 cases with orderlies （accounting for 53.8%）, 72 cases without orderlies （ accounting for 46. 2% ）. Conclusion Falling injury and soft tissue injury, joint injury caused by football or basketball sports, facial impact injury caused by sports, scratch and bite injury caused by cats or dogs are common accidental injury category in children in community health service center, with gender difference and age difference, most occurred in summer and autumn, general practitioners should take targeted he＇,dth edueation according the community actual situation.