基于加权集覆盖模型的农村居民点空间布局优化——以流泗镇为例

A Weighted Set Covering Problem Model for Optimal Spatial Layout of Rural Settlements——A Case of Liusi Town

以江西省湖口县流泗镇为例,从自然条件、区位条件、规模水平和发展水平四个方面对农居点建设发展适宜性进行综合评价,并在此基础上利用加权集覆盖模型对集聚发展型农居点数量及位置进行选择,从而得出最终的空间布局优化方案。结果显示,加权集覆盖模型能够很好地弥补单纯以适宜性评价结果作为农居点分类依据方法的缺陷:该模型所得出的13个集聚发展型农居点能够保证适宜性较高的同时,将镇域内全部农居点纳入其服务范围。今后流泗镇应当以13个集聚发展型农居点为核心,逐步引导分散农居点向其集聚,从而提高土地利用效率。

The extensive land use has been holding back the improvement of living environment and enhance of land use efficiency, and layout optimization of rural settlements through land consolidation is one potent way to tackle it. This paper constructs a comprehensive indicator system for suitability assessment of rural settlements from 4 aspects： natural condition, location, scale and economic development level, based on which we apply weighted set covering problem （WSCP） model to determine the number and location of clustering developing type of rural settlements. Finally form the layout plan of rural settlements. The results show that WSCP model can successfully make up defects through traditional method. 13 clustering developing rural settlements determined by this model are sufficient enough for covering all settlements in studied area while the suitability is relatively high. Leading rural settlements to gather around the 13 cores in the area should be the dominant strategy henceforth to improve the efficiency of land use.