基于遗传算法的无线传感器网络覆盖策略

Coverage Strategy based on Genetic Algorithm for WSN

网络覆盖是无线传感器网络研究的关键性基础问题,直接影响网络的使用性能。针对节点随机部署的无线传感器网络,提出了一种基于遗传优化的覆盖策略。综合考虑网络覆盖率、工作节点数目、网络剩余能量和节点能耗均匀性,使网络中的冗余节点轮流进入低功耗睡眠状态,以期达到延长网络寿命的目的。仿真结果表明,所提算法能快速有效地实现工作节点集的优化选取,在给定覆盖率条件下,提高节点利用率,降低能耗,同时延长网络生存时间。

Coverage is vital and fundamental for WSN（wireless sensor networks） research and has direct influence on performance of the networks. For the network with random nodes, a dynamic coverage control strategy based on genetic optimization is proposed. Node scheduling scheme with turning off some redundant sensor alternatively is designed to prolong the network lifetime. Parameters such as coverage ratio, the number of active nodes, residual energy and balance of energy consumption are taken into full account. Simulation results indicate that the optimal active set of working nodes is achieved quickly with the proposed algorithm. Under the given coverage ratio, the proposed strategy could effectively improve the survival time and utilization of nodes, and reduce the energy consumption.