15世纪中叶以来中朝鸭绿江与图们江界河形成的历史根源——以朝鲜王朝为中心

Analysis on the Historical Roofs of the Yalu River and Tumen River As Sino-Korean Border Since the Middle of the 15th Century

15世纪中叶,中朝鸭绿江与图们江界河基本形成,并由此稳定地延续了下来。之所以能造成并得以传承这种疆界状况,有着深刻的历史根源。朝鲜王朝是这种根源产生的主导力量。朝鲜王朝有着强烈的北疆开拓意识,这是其最终达到两江南岸并以此为界的先决条件。但是,由于明王朝及女真等诸多客观因素的外力抑制作用,朝鲜王朝适时调整"拓疆"战略,形成了适应实际的"保国封疆"思想。在该思想的指导下,朝鲜王朝以首重防御为宗旨,进行了有限度的拓疆,其最终目的是要全面实现沿两江"封疆"。为此,朝鲜王朝采取了"北进"新战略,并为落实该战略而全面实施了"江防体系"的构建。正是这一江防体系的完备构建与维系,成为稳定乃至延续两江界河的事实象征。

In the middle of the 15th century, the Yalu and Tumen river roughly became Sino-Korean border, and thus steadly continued down. The reason of the cause and inheritance of the boundary condition due to the profound historical roots. The dominant force of the cause were Joseon dynasty. Its consciousness of expanding the territory northward was the intrinsic impetus of ＂northing＂（北进）, which was the prerequisite of forming the two boundary rivers at last. But the impetus was inhibited by many objective factors as external forces that had to sell at a discount greatly, and thus formed the thought of blockading the territory for protecting the country＂ （保国封疆）, which had to adapt to the reality. Under the guidance of the thought, the Joseon dynasty limited to expand its territory for the purpose of the priority of the defense, and its ultimate goal was to fully implement blockading the territory along the two rivers. So the Joseon dynasty adopted new strategy of ＂northing＇, and built comprehensively the ＂riverside＇s defensive system＂（江防体系）for implementing the new strategy. Finally, the system became factual symbolization of stabilizing and continuing the two boundary rivers because it was completely constructed and maintained.