全国烤烟烟叶特征香韵地理分布及变化

Geographical distribution and variation of characteristic aroma notes of flue-cured tobacco leaves in China

为明确不同香型风格烤烟烟叶特征香韵地理分布及变化,以全国不同产地烤烟烟叶样品为试验材料,对其清甜香、蜜甜香、醇甜香、焦甜香、青香、焦香、木香、花香、树脂香等香韵进行了评价与分析。结果表明,(1)清甜香韵主要分布于云南、福建、贵州、四川(攀枝花、凉山、泸州和宜宾)等地;蜜甜香韵主要分布于贵州、云南、四川、重庆、山东、福建、湖北、陕西、甘肃、黑龙江、辽宁、内蒙古、吉林等地;焦甜香韵主要分布于湖南、河南、江西、安徽、广东、广西、山东、陕西、甘肃、内蒙古、黑龙江、云南西部和南部(临沧、普洱、保山等)等地;青香韵主要分布于云南、四川、贵州、重庆、陕西、甘肃、福建、山东、黑龙江、内蒙古、辽宁、吉林等地;花香韵主要分布于福建;树脂香韵主要分布于河南;醇甜香、木香、焦香等香韵在全国各产地均有分布。(2)清甜香、蜜甜香、醇甜香、焦甜香、青香、焦香等香韵的地理变化呈现出一定规律,由云南中部(玉溪、昆明、曲靖等地)向贵州方向,清甜香、青香韵等香的逐渐减弱,蜜甜香韵逐渐增强;由贵州向湖南方向,蜜甜香韵逐渐减弱,焦甜香、焦香韵逐渐增强;由贵州向重庆、湖北西部(恩施等)和湖南西部(湘西、张家界等)方向,蜜甜香韵逐渐减弱,醇甜香韵逐渐增强;由重庆向河南、湖南方向,醇甜香韵逐渐减弱,焦甜香、焦香韵逐渐增强。

In order to investigate the geographical distribution and variation of characteristic aroma notes of flue-cured tobacco leaves, the aroma notes, including fresh-sweet, honeysweet, mellow-sweet, burnt-sweet, green, burnt, woody, floral, resin scents, of flue-cured tobacco leaves sampled from different areas in China were evaluated and analyzed. The results showed that： 1） The tobacco which offered fresh-sweet scent mainly distributed in Yunnan, Fujian, Guizhou, Sichuan （Panzhihua, Liangshan, Luzhou and Yibin）, etc.; the tobacco which offered honeysweet scent mainly distributed in Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, Chongqing, Shandong, Fujian, Hubei, Shaanxi, Gansu, Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Jilin, etc.; the tobacco which offered burnt-sweet scent mainly distributed in Hunan, Henan, Jiangxi, Anhui, Guangdong, Guangxi, Shandong, Shaanxi, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, western and southern Yunnan （Lincang, Puer and Baoshan）, etc.; the tobacco which offered green scent mainly distributed in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Chongqing, Shaanxi, Gansu, Fujian, Shandong, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin, etc.; the tobacco which offered floral scent mainly distributed in Fujian; the tobacco which offered resin scent mainly distributed in Henan; the tobacco which offered mellow-sweet, woody and burnt scents were perceivable in all the samples. 2） Geographically, fresh-sweet and green scents in tobacco descended gradually, while honeysweet scent increased gradually from central Yunnan （Yuxi, Kunming, Qujing, etc.） to Guizhou; from Guizhou to Hunan, honeysweet scent in tobacco decreased gradually, while burnt-sweet and burnt scents increased gradually; from Guizhou to Chongqing, western Hubei （Enshi, etc.） and western Hunan （Xiangxi, Zhangjiajie, etc.）, honeysweet scent in tobacco decreased gradually, while mellow-sweet scent increased gradually; from Chongqing to Henan and Hunan, mellow-sweet scent in tobacco decreased gradually, while burnt-sweet and burnt scents increased gradually.