吉林幼儿园教师健康素养相关知识技能干预效果评价

Effects of health literacy intervention among kindergarten teachers in Jilin Province

目的了解吉林省幼师健康素养现状及干预效果,为积极开展相关干预工作提供依据。方法便利整群抽取吉林省10个地区16所幼儿园的622名幼师,以地区为单位随机分为干预组和对照组,围绕洗手刷牙、气道异物阻塞处理(海姆立克急救法)、外伤处理及拨打求救电话的健康素养相关知识与技能开展培训和资料收集。结果干预前,干预组洗手刷牙、海姆立克急救法、外伤处理及拨打求救电话的健康素养具备率分别为42.3%,29.2%,26.3%,63.5%,对照组分别为39.0%,32.6%,22.6%,64.8%,2组间差异均无统计学意义(χ~2值分别为0.986,2.001,0.745,1.203,P值均>0.05);干预组在干预后洗手刷牙、海姆立克急救法、外伤处理及拨打求救电话的健康素养相关知识与技能均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论健康素养相关知识技能教育培训可有效提高幼师健康素养水平及自信心。政府及相关教育机构应定期、全面系统且有针对性的开展培训。

Objective To understand the status of health literacy among kindergarten teachers in Jilin province and carry out health literacy intervention, to further evaluate the interventional effect.Methods Totally 622 teachers from 16 kindergartens in 10 areas of Jilin province were randomly divided into intervention group and control group according to the areas, and the training of knowledge and skills related to washing hands and brushing teeth, Heimlich maneuver, trauma treatment and emergency call was conducted, and the relevant data was collected by structured survey. Results Before the intervention, the rate of health literacy of washing hands and brushing teeth, Heimlich maneuver, trauma treatment and emergency call were 42.3%, 29.2%, 26.3% and 63.5% respectively in intervention group, while those in the control group were 39.0%, 32.6%, 22.6% and 64.8% respective- ly; The intervention group mastered more knowledge and skills about health literacy in the above-mentioned perspectives than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The training about the health-related knowl- edge and skills can effectively improve the level of health literacy and self-confidence for kindergarten teachers. Therefore, govern- ment and educational institutions should carry out regular, systematic and targeted training.