英国政府开放数据的“国家信息基础设施”建设及启示

National Information Infrastructure of Open Government Data in U.K. and Its Enlightenment

【目的/意义】我国各级政府正在积极推进"数据资源共享开放工程"。归纳总结英国开放政府数据的"国家信息基础设施"(NII)建设的经验和启示,为我国"加快完善国家基础信息资源体系"等数据开放工作提供有益的参考。【方法/过程】梳理英国政府NII的相关政策和实施情况,介绍其管理框架和体系结构,分析NII建设的主要成果——NII数据集的主题分布和未发布数据的原因,最后总结对我国的启示。【结果/结论】NII是英国开放数据国家行动计划的核心内容,在政策保障、国际合作、公众参与、需求驱动和质量保障等方面的经验值得我国借鉴和参考。

[ Purpose/significance] Chinese government is promoting the project of data resource sharing and opening actively. This paper summarizes the experience and enlightenment of the National Information Infrastructure （Nil） of the open government data in U.K., and provides a useful reference for our country to accelerate the improvement of the national basic information resources system. [Method/process] This paper combs the related policy and implementation of NII, introduces its management framework and architecture, analyzes topic distribution of NII datasets and reason for unpublished data, finally summarizes the enlightenment to our country. [ Result/conclusion] Nil is the core content of the UK National Action Plan of open data, and it is worthy of using for reference in the field of policy guarantee, international cooperation, public participation, demand driven and quality assurance.