蒸汽动力系统柔性设计和多目标优化研究进展

Research progress for flexible design and multi-objective optimization of steam power network

蒸汽动力系统(SPS)消耗一次能源(煤等),产生蒸汽、电、机械功与冷剂,在过程系统中起着至关重要的作用。设计与优化蒸汽动力系统不但要考虑柔性以应对来自工艺过程内部与外部的变动,而且要考虑系统的经济性,环保性等指标以适应可持续发展。蒸汽动力系统的柔性与多准则设计已成为过程集成研究的热点。本文首先总结了蒸汽动力系统设计的启发式方法(即经验法)、热力学目标法、数学规划法或将它们相互结合的组合方法的研究进展;进一步对确定条件和不确定条件下的蒸汽动力系统柔性设计的研究情况进行了分析;最后对近十年来考虑经济、环境、有效能等目标、考虑余热发电和可再生能源驱动蒸汽动力系统的多目标优化设计进行了重点综述。研究表明,多种能源驱动的、柔性的、多目标的蒸汽动力系统与工艺过程、换热网络的同步综合是今后研究的重点方向。

Stream power system （SPS）, which consumes the primary energy （coal etc.） to generate stream, electricity, mechanical power and the refrigerant, plays a vital role in process system. Design and optimization of SPS should not only consider the flexibility to deal with the process from internal and external changes, but also to weigh the system of economic, environmental and other indicators to adapt to sustainable development. The flexibility and multi-criteria design of SPS have become the focus of process integration research. Initially, in this paper the research progress of design and optimization methods of SPS, heuristic method（ i.e., the experience method）, the thermodynamic target method, the mathematical programming method or the combination of them for example, were summarized. Moreover, the research situation of the flexible design of the SPS under the condition of certainty and uncertainty were analyzed. Finally, in past 10 years, multi-objective optimization design of SPS considering the economic, environmental, exergetic and other objectives and the cogeneration and renewable energy driven SPS were emphasized. Research showed that it is the focus of future that simultaneous synthesis of SPS with chemical processes and heat exchanger network consider a variety of energy driven, flexibility, multi-objective optimization.