多介质纳米复合材料摩擦副的噪声研究进展与展望

Research progress and development prospect of the noise of milti-medium nanocomposites friction pairs

摩擦副性能的优良、工作效能的好坏与其材料特性、振动噪声以及微观结构等有直接关系,对其进行材料构型、改性制造及减阻降噪的研究将有助于提高摩擦副的耐磨性及可靠性,延长其工作寿命。本文对国内外关于多介质复合材料噪声检测及声波信号处理方面取得的成果、微凝胶与复合材料的黏结对摩擦阻力的改善、纳米复合材料的减阻耐磨性能以及仿生表面织构对摩擦副减阻降噪的影响进行了综述,并对其前景进行了展望。指出虽然现有研究已取得一些值得关注的成果,但对噪声在摩擦副材料中的传播特性、多种介质造成的声速及衰减特性差异、表面微结构与流体的耦合降噪作用等的研究则开展很少,因此加大这方面的研究对进一步提升摩擦副的性能具有重要的理论意义及应用价值。

The properties of friction pairs and their performances were directly related with the material characteristics of vibration, noise and surface microstructure etc. It will be useful for improving its abrasion performance and reliability and prolonging its no-failure lifetime by studying the material configuration, material modification and noise and drag reduction. In this paper, the research achievements on the noise detection of milti-medium nanocomposites, the acoustic wave signal processing, the improvement of frictional resistance on the bond between microgel particles and composites, the resistance-reducing and wear-resisting property of nanocomposites and the effect of bionic surface texture on frictional noise of friction pairs are summarized. Also the development prospect of friction pairs are presented. Though researches have achieved appreciable results, little has been done in the studies on the transmission characteristics of noise, the difference of sound velocity and attenuation characteristic of milti-medium and the synergic effect of flow characteristics of fluids and bionic surface microstructure on friction-induced noise reduction. Therefore, such studies for improving the performance of friction pairs, have both theory significance and a vast application prospect.