老化油泥污染土壤中真菌多样性研究

Research on Fungal Diversity of Aging Oil Sludge Contaminated Soil

为了筛选土壤中的石油耐受菌和降解菌,需对石油污染土壤中土著真菌多样性开展研究。本文以胜利油田老化油泥污染土壤为研究对象,测得土壤含水率在13%~27%之间,含盐量在0.36%~1.45%之间,pH值在8.11~8.55之间。采用重量法测得土壤中总石油烃含量,采用原子吸收分光光度法测得土壤中Cu、Zn、Cr的含量。采用高通量法测定土壤中真菌的多样性。对比区域背景土壤和受老化油泥污染土壤的数据可以看出,老化油泥污染可以促进区域背景土壤中优势菌群子囊菌门的生长发育,但是也抑制了区域背景土壤中担子菌门的生长发育。并且老化油的污染胁迫导致土壤中真菌多样性的增加。本研究成果可以为筛选受老化油泥污染土壤中的耐受菌、降解菌和研究生物修复提供依据。

In order to screen oil resistant fungi and bioremediation, it is necessary to investigate the biodiversity of indigenous fungi in soil. In this experiment, the research object is the soil polluted by the aging oil sludge of Shengli oil field. Water content （ 13% -27% ）, salt content （0.36% - 1.45% ）, pH （8.11 - 8.55）, were investigated. We also use gravimetric method to measure TPHs content and flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer to detect the content of heavy metal copper, zinc and chromium. Then High Throughput sequencing analysis was used to investigate the fungal diversity, compare the data of background soil with oil sluge contaminated soil. It was found that aging oil sludge can promote the growth and development of Ascomyeota, while it can inhibited the growth and development of Basidiomycota. In all, the pollution of the aging oil sludge can promote the development of fungal diversity in soil. The findings of this study can provide basis for the screening of oil resistant fungi and bioremediation.