法国生态问责制述评及启示

Commentary on France's Ecological Accountability and its Enlightenment

生态问责制是西方发达国家进行生态环境保护和治理的重要制度工具。法国作为典型的西方资本主义发达国家,在发展经济的同时也十分注重生态建设与保护,形成了议会问责、司法问责、政府内部问责、党派问责、公众问责相互配合的问责网络,建立了富有特色的环境审计、环境影响评价和环境诉讼制度,通过健全的制度体系,有效地实现了对政府生态环境保护行为的监督、评估与质询。法国生态问责制的成功经验,对我国生态问责制度的建设具有较强的启发与借鉴作用。

Ecological accountability is an important system and a tool for the protection and governance of ec- ological environment in Western developed countries, among which, France is an exemplar. It has been attac- hing great importance to the ecological construction and protection while developing its economy, with a com- plete and comprehensive accountability network and some distinctive systems established, such as environmen- tal auditing system, environmental assessment system and environmental litigation system. It is this integrity system that ensures the effective supervision of, evaluation on and inquiry into the government＇ s ecological environment protection. The success of France＇ s ecological accountability system can enlighten the construction of the ecological accountability system of China.