试论日本“宽松教育”逆转对我国基础教育的启示

Implications to China's Basic Education from the Reversal of Japan's “Liberal Education”

为解决教育领域存在的诸多问题,1996年日本政府提出在基础教育阶段施行"宽松教育"的教育政策。随后,该改革引发诸多问题,2008年日本文部省在新修订《学习指导要领》中将"宽松教育"的教育理念转变为"扎实的学力"。日本"宽松教育"方针的转变,对我国基础教育的改革具有一定的借鉴意义:重视传统教育和家长的作用;健全教育法制体系,教育走向法治化;建立科学性的学力调查;培养学生的核心素养。

In order to solve the existing problems in Japanese education, the government put forward the policy of ＂liberal education＂ at the basic stage in 1996. Soon afterwards, many problems arose from this re-form. In March 2008, Japanese Ministry of Education changed the concept of ＂liberal education＂ into the one of ＂high academic attainment＂ in the newly revised Outline of Learning Instruction, which declared formally the failure of ＂liberal education＂. Then Japanese educational circles＇ pursuit of ＂high academic attainment＂ is in full swing. As for the change of Japanese ＂liberal education＂ policy, there is certain significance to the re- form of Chinese basic education ： laying emphasis on the traditional education and the parental role, perfecting the legal system of education and making it go toward legalization, conducting the scientific survey of ＂aca- demic attainment＂ and training students＇ core accomplishment.