两种药用蜚蠊油脂成分的GC-MS分析

Analysis on Oil Components in Two Kinds of Medicinal Blattaria by GC-MS

目的:分析比较澳洲大蠊与美洲大蠊的油脂成分组成,为合理利用两种蜚蠊资源提供实验依据。方法:采用乙醇回流提取蜚蠊药材,所得醇提液用石油醚萃取得到油脂部位。运用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析油脂成分,采用HP-5MS石英毛细管柱,载气高纯氦,电子轰击电离源,离子源温度230℃,质量扫描范围m/z 12~550,用NIST11.L标准库进行质谱检索,并结合峰面积归一化法计算各化学成分相对峰面积。结果:从澳洲大蠊油脂中鉴定37个成分,占总成分90.99%,其中以亚油酸(29.86%),油酸(26.30%),二十六烷(10.57%),硬脂酸(3.94%),十七烷(3.78%)相对峰面积居高,另检出少量花生四烯酸(0.34%);从美洲大蠊油脂中鉴定35个成分,占相对总成分94.14%,以油酸(44.09%),棕榈酸(16.03%),硬脂酸(6.32%),3-二十碳炔(5.31%)较多。结论:澳洲大蠊与美洲大蠊油脂的主要成分类型均为脂肪酸及其酯类和烃类化合物,但在种类与相对峰面积上存在不同程度的差异。有21个共有成分,其相对峰面积差别较大。

Objective： To analyze chemical ingredients of oils from Periplaneta australasiae and P. americana, in order to provide experimental basis for reasonable utilization of animal medicines of blattaria. Method： Ethanol reflux extraction method was used to extract medicinal materials of blattaria, and petroleum ether was used to extract fat-soluble components. Its oil components were analyzed by GC-MS technique and identified by NIST11. L standard mass spectra library. HP-5MS fused-silica capillary column was adopted, the carrier gas was high-purity helium, electron impact ionization source was at 230 ~C , and quality scanning range was between m/z 12-550. Their relative contents were calculated by area normalization. Result： Thirty-seven compounds were identified in the oil of P. australasiae, accounting for 90.99% of the total weight. The compounds with higher content level included linoleic acid （29.86%） , oleic acid （26.30%） , hexacosane （ 10.57% ） , stearic acid （3.94%）, and heptadecane （3.78%）. Besides, a small amount of arachidonic acid was found in the oil of P. australasiae. Thirty-five compounds were identified in the oil of P. americana, accounting for 94. 14% of the total weight. The compounds with higher content level included oleic acid （44.09%）, palmitic acid （ 16.03% ）, stearic acid （6.32%）, and 3-eicosyne （5.31%）. Conclusion： Esters, fatty acids and hydrocarbon compounds were the main compounds in the oils of P. australasiae and P differences in the varieties and relative content. Totally 21 common americana, but there were varying degrees of constituents were identified in the oils from the two kinds of cockroaches, but there were great differences in the relative content.