基于LDA主题模型与关联规则的岭南骨伤用药规律

Medication Rules of Famous Doctors in Lingnan Bone Injury Based on LDA Thematic Model and Association Rules

目的:挖掘岭南骨伤名家用药规律。方法:收集整理岭南骨科名家著作、手稿、论文等文献,建立岭南骨伤方药数据库,采用频数分析,潜在狄利克雷分布(LDA)主题模型,关联规则等方法对其用药规律进行分析。结果:岭南骨伤文献中共涉及方剂802首、中药811味,所使用药物以温性最多,占28.3%,药物类别以活血化瘀药、补虚药、理气药、清热药、祛风湿药、温里药为主,LDA主题模型共得5个核心方,通过关联规则分析,共得出21条药对与药组关联规则,核心药物有当归、川芎、白芍、赤芍等。结论:岭南骨科名家基本遵从骨伤科用药的常规,重视活血化瘀法的治疗,用药呈现比较明显的骨伤早、中、晚3期用药规律,早期或兼清热解毒,或强调止血,或开窍醒神;中期攻补兼施,兼以补益肝肾;晚期以补为主,益气健脾养血,兼以活血、补益肝肾。在此基础上,用药也体现了重视健脾化湿清热的岭南骨伤特色治法。

Objective： To dig up the medication rules used by famous doctors in Lingnan bone injury. Method： The database of Lingnan bone injury prescriptions were established through collecting and analyzing famous doctors＇ works, manuscripts, papers and other literature. Frequency analysis, Latent Dirichlet Allocation （LDA） thematic model and association rules were used to analyze their medication rules. Result： The literature of lingnan bone injury involved 802 prescriptions and 811 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） herbs. The warm drugs were used most, accounting for 28.3%. The drugs categories were dominated by dissipating blood stasis drugs, tonifying deficiency drugs, Qi-regulating drugs, heat-clearing drugs, removing wind-dampness drugs, and interior-warming drugs. Five core prescriptions were obtained from the LDA thematic model, and the through association rules analysis, a total of 21 herbal pairs and herbal group association rules. The core herbs included Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Paeoniae Radix Rubar and so on. Conclusion： The famous doctors of Lingnan bone injury emphasized the treatment of activating blood and resolving stasis. On this basis, the drugs showed obvious early, middle and late stages of drugs use for bone injury： in early stage, clearing heat and detoxicating, or emphasizing hemostasis, or opening orifice and waking up; in middle stage, both attacking and tonifying, or both tonifying liver and kidney; in late stage, mostly tonifying （tonifying Qi, blood and spleen） , combined with activating Qi, blood, and nourishing liver and kidney. On this basis, the medication also reflected the importance of invigorating spleen and eliminating dampness in characteristic treatment in Lingnan bone injury.