巴蜀地区青铜钺的考古发现与研究

An Archaeological Discovery of Bronze Axe in Ba-Shu Area and Its Research

战国时期,巴蜀地区窖藏和墓葬中出土了数量较多的铜钺,学术界通常俗称为"烟荷包"形,其特征为圆刃,体厚,横截面呈阔叶形,中腰收缩,腰以上形成肩,肩以上收缩成銎,銎口作椭圆形或六角形,形体有较大、中等和较小三类。巴式钺窖藏出土很少,多战国墓葬出土,分布的范围也较广,在川东巴地与川西蜀地均有分布。它不仅是作为兵器,还具有一定的宗教意义和权杖性质。

There were many bronze axe in the Warring States Period which are found in the depot and the grave. It is also called ＂tobacco pouch＂ in archaeological field with its round blade, thickness, broad-leaf shaped intersecting surface, shrimped waistline and the shoulder part above, and then a hole for installing a handle on the axe. This hole can be classified into either oval or hexagon in its shape, and can be further classified into large, middle, and small. The ancient Ba axes were rarely discovered in the depot, but mostly discovered in the graves of Warring States Period. They are largely distributed in eastern Sichuan which was the Ba area and in western Sichuan which was the Shu area. As to the function of the bronze axe, it is not only used as a weapon, but also as religious symbol or truncheon.