阜阳市城郊菜地重金属污染调查与评价

A Heavy Metals Distribution Characteristics and Pollution Assessment of Suburban Vegetable Region Soils of Fuyang City,China

通过野外采样和实验室分析,对阜阳市城郊菜地土壤土壤中Pb、Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn和Cd等六种重金属的含量特征进行了研究,并利用单因子污染指数法、地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对各种重金属的污染状况进行了评价。结果表明:研究区域菜地土壤中除Pb、Ni、Zn的平均值超过安徽省土壤背景值外,Cd、Cu、Cr平均值均低于安徽省土壤背景值,除部分区域Pb超标外,其它全部符合国家土壤环境质量二级标准要求。单因子污染指数法评价表明阜阳市城郊菜地表层土壤Ni有一定程度污染外,其它区域属于清洁区域。地累积指数法评价研究区域有不同程度的Pb、Ni、Zn的污染。六种重金属均未对采样点生态系统造成风险。整个研究区域土壤综合潜在生态风险程度属于轻微水平。

By means of field sampling and laboratory analysis, content distribution characteristics of Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn and Cd in suburban vegetable region soils of Fuyang City were analyzed. Assessment of heavy metal pollution was conducted using single factor pollution index, geo-accumulation index and potential ecological risk index. Results show that the average mass fraction of Pb, Ni, and Zn are above the background values in Anhui Province. The average mass fractions of Cd, Cu, and Cr do not exceed the average values of Anhui Province. In addition to partial region with exceeding Pb contents, all texted elements are in line with the national soil envi- ronmental quality standards. Results of the evaluations from single factor pollution index discover that Ni is a certain degree pollution metal in suburban vegetable region soils of Fuyang City, while the other districts are clean. Results of the evaluations of geo-aceumula- tion index discover the different pollution degrees of Pb, Ni, and Zn in the study areas. The eeo system risks caused by the study heavy metals are not obvious for the sampling points while soil of the entire study area is in mid integrated potential ecological risk.