厦门市大气PM_(2.5)中重金属污染特征及健康风险评价

Pollution Characteristic and Health Risk of Heavy Metals in PM_(2.5) of Xiamen City,China

用ICP-MS对厦门市夏冬两季城区和郊区PM_(2.5)(当量直径≤2.5 μm的颗粒物)及其中10种重金属(V、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Zn、As、Cd、Pb和Cu)含量进行测定,分析其污染特征,并对重金属的健康风险进行评价。结果表明,采样期间厦门市PM_(2.5)中重金属含量水平表现为Zn>Pb>Cu>Mn>V>As>Ni>Cr>Cd>Co,其中Zn、Pb、As、Cd和Cu富集因子远远大于10,受人为影响较严重。健康风险评价结果表明,PM_(2.5)中重金属的非致癌健康风险可以忽略;几乎所有重金属的致癌健康风险都高于最大可接受风险值10^(-6)。

To examine the pollution characteristic and the health risk of heavy metals in PM2.5 （particulate matter with diameter of no larger than 2. 5 microns）of Xiamen, China, we analyzed 10 heavy metals（V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Cd, Pb and Cu）in the ambi- ent PM2.5 samples collected from urban and suburban areas in summer and winter. Results show that the concentrations of heavy metals in PM2.5 are in the order of Zn〉Pb〉Cu〉Mn〉V〉As〉Ni〉Cr〉Cd〉Co. Enrichment factor analysis indicates that Zn, Pb, As, Cd and Cu are obviously influenced by anthropogenic activities. The non-carcinogenic risk of all heavy metals can be ignored, and the carcinogenic risk of most heavy metals is higher than the maximum acceptable level（ 10-6 ）.