城市垃圾场空间扩张遥感监测——以贵阳市高雁垃圾场为例

Remote Sensing-based Monitoring for Spatial Expansion of Municipal Waste Landfills——A Case Study of Gaoyan Site in Guiyang City,China

为研究垃圾场对城市发展的影响,利用2002、2006、2010、2013、2015和2016年6个时相的高分辨率遥感影像,通过目视解译监测贵阳市高雁垃圾场的时空扩张动态。以1︰10 000地形图为参考的多项式方法进行几何校正基础上,采用目视解译方法提取各时相的垃圾场占地区域,并分析高雁垃圾场扩张特征。在此基础上,通过GIS的空间分析功能,结合实地调查进行垃圾场的人口影响分析。结果表明,贵阳高雁垃圾场空间扩展迅速,垃圾场堆积区面积从2002年的5.4 hm^2扩展到2016年的46.5 hm^2,新增面积超过40 hm^2,年均新增面积超过2.9 hm^2约54%。垃圾场影响的人口数量超过10万,显著影响了区域的大气、水和植被。最后,遥感对中国的城市垃圾场监测具有重要作用,在遥感监测基础上,掌握垃圾场演变动态,能够为城市乃至区域可持续发展提供参考。

The serials of high-resolution and multitemporal remote sensing were used to study the expansion of Gaoyan waste site in Guiyang, and revealed the influence of wastes in the development of urbanization. On the basic of polynomial geometric correction re- ferred to the 1 ： 10 000 topographic map, the waste site was extracted from multitemporal images based on visual interpretation. This pa- per analyzed the land expansion of Gaoyan waste site during 2002 and 2016. By using GIS-based spatial analysis, and the influence of waste site on Guiyang urban was analyzed. Results show that land of Gaoyan waste site expanded quickly from 5.4 hm2 in 2002 to 46. 5 hm2 in 2016; the newly increased area was over 40 hm2 with an average annual growth of 2.9 hm2（ 54% ） .Gaoyan waste site has affect- ed over 100 thousand people. Landfill odors coverage was up to 5 km. Gaoyan waste site obviously affect atmosphere, water and vegeta- tion of Guiyang City. Moreover, remote sensing plays an important role in urban waste site monitoring in China. It is important for us to get expansion characteristics of urban waste site, which can provides some valuable reference to the regional sustainable development.