甘蔗脱叶性状的遗传力和配合力研究

Research on heritability and combining ability of sugarcane(Saccharum officinarum L.) defoliation trait

以72个常用甘蔗亲本配制95个杂交组合,进行脱叶性遗传研究。结果表明:组合、母本对后代的脱叶性1级比率和3级比率有极显著影响,父本只对脱叶性3级比率有显著影响;亲本及组合的遗传力大小顺序依次为组合(41.36%)、母本(30.13%)、父本(12.02%),说明组合的选配方式对后代脱叶性状影响大,在筛选亲本及组合时,要优先考虑组合;后代脱叶性状各级比率的平均遗传力大小顺序依次为3级比率(40.39%)、1级比率(29.62%)、2级比率(13.49%),与父本、母本及组合对后代脱叶性状各级比率的遗传力大小顺序相同,说明3级脱叶性状更易传递给后代,其次是1级脱叶性状,2级脱叶性状较难遗传给后代,在选用亲本配制组合时,要选择脱叶性1级比率配合力好的母本和组合,避免使用脱叶性3级比率配合力高的亲本和组合。

In this paper, 95 combinations from the hybridization of 72 parents in common use, were used as materials to study the heredity of sugarcane defoliation traits. The result indicated that the female parents and combinations had significant effects on the proportion of 1 and 3 grades defoliation, while the male parents had significant effects only on the proportion of 3 grade defoliation. The average heritability sequences of the parents and combinations were combination（41.36%）, female（30.13 %） and male（12.02%）, indicating that the matching way for sugarcane combinations is the biggest impact on offspring defoliation. So in the selection of parents and combinations, priority of the combination should be considered. The average heritability sequences of the proportion of all grades defoliation of the offsprings were the 3 grade（40.39%）, the 1 grade（29.62%） and the 2 grade（13.49%）. They were similar to the sequences of the proportion of all grade defoliation of the parents and combinations, indicating that the 3 grade defoliation is more easily transmitted to the offspring, the 1 grade is second, and the 2 grade defoliation is more difficultly transmitted to the offspring. In the matching of parents, females and combinations with high combining ability for 1 grade defoliation should be considered, and the parents and combinations with high combining ability for 3 grade defoliation should be avoided.