矿区开发导致的生态文化变迁——以民乐镇响水村为中心

On Ecological Culture Changes Caused by Mining Exploitation——Illustrated by Xiangshui Village,Minle Town

响水村位于花垣县民乐镇锰矿带,是一座典型的矿山村庄。近40年的矿山开发,导致这里出现了水位下沉、井水枯竭、耕地面积减少等生态退变,发生了地表塌陷、房屋裂缝等问题。政府为保证村民人身安全,已大范围启动生态移民工程,但搬迁至现居住地后,新的生计模式与传统文化习俗的冲突日益凸显。如政府能加大监督、企业加大投入、民众加大参与力度,对保护当地生态环境和传统文化则有积极作用。

Xiangshui village, which is located in manganese ore belt in Minle town, Huayuan county, is a typical mine village. Nearly forty years of mining exploitation in this village has resulted in ecological degenera- tion such as sinking of water level, depleting of well water and decreasing of cultivated land. Consequently,there are problems of ground collapse and house crack in this area. To ensure the villagers personal security, local government has started the ecological migration project in a large scale. However, after moving to the pres- ent living area, the conflict between new livelihood and traditional culture and customs are getting more and more obvious. It is promising to protect local ecological environment and traditional culture if government can strengthen the supervision, enterprises can increase the investment and public can increase participation,.