电力市场中的灵活调节服务:基本概念、均衡模型与研究方向

Flexible Ramping Product in Electricity Markets:Basic Concept,Equilibrium Model and Research Prospect

近年来,风电、光伏等可再生能源的渗透率不断提高,其发电出力的不确定性给电力系统的运行带来显著压力。大量随机波动与反调峰出力的可再生能源使得系统灵活调节资源短缺的情况愈发严重,并引发了大规模的弃风、弃光现象。基于此,灵活调节服务的交易品种与相应的市场化运作机制应运而生,如何定义灵活调节服务,以及组织灵活调节服务的交易机制,成为了学术界与业界的关注热点。为此,该文首先介绍了灵活调节服务的基本概念,对比分析了灵活调节服务与传统辅助服务的区别。其次,细致剖析了灵活调节服务的组成要素,并对灵活调节服务的发展与应用情况进行了整理。再次,给出了考虑灵活调节服务的市场均衡模型。最后,对灵活调节服务的相关研究现状与进展进行了综述,并对灵活调节服务的未来研究方向进行了展望。

In recent years, with the great growth in the penetration of renewable energy generation, the uncertainty of renewable energy generation output brings about great challenges for the operation of the power system. Due to renewable energy’s output characteristics of randomness, fluctuation and anti-peak-shaving, the situation of lack of flexible ramping resources are getting worse, resulting in the large-scale wind and solar curtailment. To address the issue, the flexible ramping product （FRP） and its market mechanism have been proposed and how to define FRP and organize the FRP market has become a hot topic. Firstly, the paper introduced the concept and definition of FRP, compared between FRP and traditional ancillary services such as regulation and reservation. Secondly, the paper depicted the composition of FRP and gave an overview of the FRP development and implementation. Thirdly, the equilibrium model of joint market of energy and FRP was proposed. At last, the summarization of existing research papers on FRP was provided, with the outlook of FRP research in the future.