抗阻力量训练对青年和老年女性骨密度的影响

Effect of resistance exercise on bone mineral density in young and older women

目的探讨相同负荷强度的抗阻力量训练对青年和老年女性骨密度的影响。方法身高、体重相匹配的青年组(n=36)和老年组(n=34)进行16w躯干、上下肢的抗阻力量训练。测试受试者腰椎(L_2~L_4)、股骨近端(股骨颈、Ward三角区、大转子)骨密度,拉力和下肢肌力。结果 (1)(3)干预后青年组股骨颈、Ward三角区和腰椎(L_2~L_4)BMD和拉力显著增大(P<0.05),大转子BMD无显著变化;老年组股骨颈、Ward三角区和腰椎(L_2~L_4)BMD、拉力和下肢肌力显著增大(P<0.05),大转子BMD无显著变化。(2)拉力与腰椎(L_2~L_4)、股骨颈、Ward三角区和大转子BMD呈显著正相关(r=0.642、0.686、0.600、0.781)、下肢肌力与腰椎(L_2~L_4)和Ward三角区BMD呈显著正相关(r=0.526,r=0.619)。结论 16 w力量训练改善了青年和老年女性腰椎和股骨近端的骨密度且无年龄差异,但对大转子骨密度改善不显著。

Objective To investigate the effect of the same amount of loading intensity of resistance training on bone mineral density（ BMD） and bone metabolism in young and older women. Me thods The height-and body weight-matched Young group（ n = 36） and Older group（ n = 34） were undergone a supervised upper and lower limb resistance training for 16 weeks. BMD of the lumbar spine（ L2-L4）,proximal femur（ neck of femur,Ward’s triangle area,trochanter）,muscle tension,and lower limb muscle strength were measured. Results 1） After the intervention,BMD of the femoral neck,Ward’s triangle,and L2-L4,and tension increased significantly in Young group（ p 〈 0. 05）,but BM D of the trochanter was not changed significantly. In Older group,BMD of the femoral neck,Ward’s triangle,and L2-L4,and the pull force and the force of the lower limbs increased significantly（ p 〈0. 05）,but BMD of the trochanter was not changed significantly. 2） There was a positive correlation between muscle tension and BMD of L2-L4,femoral neck,Ward’s triangle area,and great trochanter,respectively（ r = 0. 642,0. 686,0. 600,0. 781）. The muscle strength in the extremity was significantly positively correlated with BMD of L2-L4 and Ward’s triangle area（ r = 0. 526,r =0. 619）. Conclusion The 16-week resistance training improves the BMD of the lumbar spine and the femur in young and older women,with no age difference,but the improvement in the great trochanter is not significant.