作者的隐退与隐含的作者——以《狗的自述》为例

On the Author's Retreat and the Implied Author——Take A Dog's Tale as an Example

"作者的隐退"和"隐含的作者"是现代叙事学理论中的两个概念,前者是指作者从作品中退却出来,让故事中的人物自主"讲述"(telling)以取代作者的权威"展示"(showing);后者是指作者的隐退是相对的,不是绝对的,不会从其作品中净身退出,其思想的东西依然存留于文本中,读者通过细读文本,仍然能窥见那个隐含作者的身影。"作者的隐退"和"隐含的作者"在马克·吐温的短篇小说《狗的自述》中得到了很好的体现。

＂The author＇s retreat＂ and ＂the implied author＂ are two concepts of modern narrative theory. The former refers to the author＇s retreat from his work, letting the characters in his work ＂tell＂ the story autonomously instead of the author＇s authoritative ＂showing＂. The latter means that the author＇s retreat is relative, not absolute, and he may not retreat from his work thoroughly. Something like his ideological things still remains in his work, and the readers can detect the implied author through close reading. ＂the author＇ s retreat＂ and ＂the implied author＂ are appropriately embodied in Mark Twain＇ s short story A Dog＇ s Tale.