综放工作面端头区煤岩的冒放规律及合理工艺参数

Caving law of the coal and rock in the end zone of the fully mechanized caving face and its rational technological parameters

为实现端头顶煤的最大化回收,根据端头区排头支架所处工作面位置、架型和工作面地质技术条件,建立了端头放煤三维模型,分析了端头区不同放煤区域和工艺参数对煤岩放落流动的影响规律以及顶煤回收率。研究发现随着端头区排头支架放煤架数增多,煤矸的位移矢量和运移范围明显增大,应力向工作面前方、巷道及煤柱侧转移,煤矸分界线变得不清晰,放出率减小、含矸率增大;根据顶煤回收率及对巷道稳定性的影响,把端头区顶煤划分为易放煤区、较易放煤区和较难放煤区,端头放煤以易放煤区和较易放煤区为主。由此提出了端头区放煤的原则,确定了端头区放煤的工艺方式和相关参数,现场应用取得了良好的技术经济效果。

To maximize the recovery of the top-coal from the end zone, with the consideration of the position of hydraulic support of the end zone in the working face, support type, and the geographical conditions and technological conditions of working face, the three-dimensional model for carving coal in end zone was established, and the influence of different region of coal carving and parameters on the law of coal and rock flow down as well as the top-coal recovery rate was analyzed. Research has found that with the increase of the number of end zone hydraulic support carving coal, the displacement vector and migration scope of coal gangue increase obviously, the stress transfers to the forward of working face, roadway and coal pillar, the coal-gangue separatrix becomes unclear, the coal carving ratio decreases and the refuse rate increases; based on the top-coal recovery rate and the influence of coal carving on the stability of the roadway, the end zone is further divided into three zones： zone of easy coal carving, zone of less easy coal carving, and zone of least easy coal carving, with the first two as the main zones for coal carving in the end zone. Based on the research results, the principle of coal carvingin end zone is put forward, the techniques and related parameters of coal carving in end zone are decided, and the field application has achieved good technical and economic effect.