棚索结构互补支护技术研究与应用

Research and application of the complementary supporting technology of anchor-cable-metal-stents structure

根据现有棚索组合支护方式,分类并分析了棚索结构不关联、棚索结构直接相关联、棚索结构间接相关联组合支护特性,计算了关联构件的承载能力,得出现有棚索组合方式耦合效果欠佳的结论。提出棚索结构互补支护原理:锚索既加固围岩又补强支架弱截面,支架既支撑围岩又扩大锚索支护面积。据此设计了棚索结构互补组件,包括锚索转荷梁、支架转荷梁、拉杆与双头螺母,给出棚索互补组件使用方法;理论计算了支架弱截面位置、分析了支架2类屈服方式,得出正弯矩屈服截面是棚索结构互补的最佳位置;给出棚索结构互补时机的确定方法。实践表明,通过棚索结构互补支护技术可有效发挥棚索各自支护优势,实现维护围岩稳定。

In view of the existing combined supporting method of anchor cable and metal stents, this paper classified and analyzed combined supporting features of the unassociated, directly and indirectly associated structure of anchor cable and metal stents, and calculated the carrying capacity of the associ- ating components. The results have indicated that the existing combination method can＇t effectively im- plement the coupling of anchor cable and metal stents. The structural complementary supporting mechanism for anchor cable and metal stents was put forward： the anchor cable reinforces both sur- rounding rocks and the weak section of metal stents; metal stents support surrounding rocks and also expand the anchor cable reinforcement area. Based on the mechanism, structural complementary com- ponents for anchor cable and metal stents were designed, and the methods for using them are provided. The weak section of metal stents was worked out through theoretical calculation, two types of the yield way of metal stents were analyzed, and the section of yield failure caused by positive bending moment was derived to be the best structural complementary position for anchor cable and metal stents. The method to determine the time for the anchor cable and metal stents to complement each other was pro- vided. The engineering practice has shown that the complementary supporting technology of an- chor-cable and metal-stents structure can effectively work to their advantages of the anchor cables andmetal stcnts and maintain the stability of roadway.