软件V&V基于严重性分级的异常处理流程研究

Study on Software V&V Anomaly Procedures Base on Severity Classification

软件V&V是核安全级软件开发过程中评估软件产品的一种系统性方法,与软件开发同步开展。通过软件V&V活动,辨识和解决异常,对软件开发中出现的偏离进行控制。本文结合安全级软件开发生命周期的特点,优化异常处理流程,软件V&V对每一阶段发现的异常问题进行影响评估,按后果严重性进行分级,确定异常关键等级。上一阶段关键异常的解决作为下一阶段软件开发结束的必要条件,前一设计阶段的关键异常全部解决后,下一阶段的设计活动才能结束。该异常处理流程可推进关键异常及时解决,防止向后续开发过程传递,有效减少开发后期的异常数量及修复成本。该流程已在某核电项目中得以实施,并取得良好效果。

Software Verification and Validation （V＆V） is a disciplined approach to assessing software products throughout the product life cycle, and is carried out in parallel with software development. Software V＆V activities identify and resolve anomalies, to control deviations in software development. Based on the characteristics of the software development lifecycle, the software V＆V is used to evaluate the abnormal problems found in each stage, and the critical severity is determined according to the severity of the consequences. As a necessary condition for the end of the next stage of software development, after the key exception of the previous design stage is completely solved, the design activities of the next stage can be finished. The anomaly procedure can promote critical anomalies in a timely manner to prevent the follow-up to the development process to pass, effectively reduce the development of the late number of abnormal and repair costs. The process has been implemented in the Power Plant Project, and achieved good results.