足月低体重儿体格及智能发育110例观察

Observation of physical and intelligence development in 110 cases of full term low birth weight infants

目的对足月低体重儿体格发育进行评价,分析早期营养对其智能发育的影响。方法对2013-2015年来西安市第四医院随访的符合条件的110例足月低体重儿进行随访至12月龄,对随访结果进行分析。结果 1)110例足月低体重儿其体格生长指标(体重、身长、头围)在不同时期(出生时、1、3、6、9、12月龄)仍小于同性别第3百分位(P3)的占比,差异存在统计学意义(χ~2=304.45,381.08,45.80,P均<0.01);2)各体格发育指标在不同时期小于同性别P25占比,差异也存在统计学意义(χ~2=193.06,203.12,110.35,P均<0.01);3)3月龄时体重仍<P25组的足月低体重儿,其Gesell测评结果中,各能区发育迟缓人数高于3月龄时体重≥P25组,在适应性、精细运动、语言方面两组差异存在统计学意义(χ~2=8.071,7.981,9.870,P均<0.05)。结论足月低体重儿生后其体格生长呈追赶趋势,6个月内追赶最快;3个月内营养状况对其12月龄Gesell值有影响;早期合适的营养有助于足月低体重儿体格的追赶,有利于其智能的发育。

Objective To evaluate the physical development of full term low birth weight infants,and analyze the effect of early nutrition on the development of intelligence. Methods The results were analyzed on 110 cases of full term low birth weight infants,who visited doctors from 2013 to 2015 in Xi＇an No. 4 Hospital and were follow-up to 12 months old as well. Results 1） 110 cases of full term low birth weight infants in the physical growth parameters （weight,length and head circumference） in different periods （horn, 1 month, 3,6,9 months and 12 months of age） were still lower than the same sex did not the 3rd percentile accounted for between existed significant difference（χ2 = 304.45,381.08,45.80, all P〈0.01） ; 2）The physical development index in different periods less than gay did not the 25th percentile accounted for the ratio of the difference（χ2 = 193.06,203.12,110.35, all P〈0.01）;3）Body weight, still less than the 25th percentile group in the Gesell assessment,the results were worse than 3 months group that the weight was greater than or equal to the 25th percentile group, adaptability, fine motor, language in the two groups existed significant differences （ χ2 = 8.071,7.981,9. 870, all P〈 0.05）. Conclusions After birth,the physical growth of the full term low birth weight infants shows a tendency to catch up, which is the fastest in 6 months. The nutritional status in 3 months have an effect on the Gesell value in 12 months. Early proper nutrition can help to catch up with the physical body of full term low weight infant： ,which is conducive to the development of intelligence.