湘潭锰矿区蔬菜重金属污染特征及健康风险评价

Heavy Metal Pollution Features in Vegetable and Health Risk Assessment in Xiangtan Manganese Mine,Hunan

【目的】研究湖南省湘潭锰矿区蔬菜中的重金属污染特征,并评价该区域种植的蔬菜可能产生的健康风险。【方法】对蔬菜地土壤和部分蔬菜(莴笋叶、香葱、大蒜、茼蒿、菠菜和白菜苔)中重金属Mn、Zn和Pb的含量进行测试分析。【结果】蔬菜地土壤中Mn、Zn和Pb含量均超过湖南省土壤背景值,分别超标11.29,5.58和26.94倍,土壤重金属潜在生态风险指数RI值为168.13,潜在生态风险水平处于中强度。蔬菜中重金属Pb的含量远远大于食品卫生标准值。蔬菜摄入对人体可能产生健康风险的重金属有Pb,其健康风险指数(HRI)最大值为1.626。【结论】锰矿厂周围部分蔬菜对土壤中重金属具有较大的吸收和累积能力,特别是根部。居民长期食用本地蔬菜对其健康存在较大的风险。

【Objective】To research the characteristics of heavy metal pollution in vegetables in Xiangtan Manganese Mine,Hunan and to assess the health risks of vegetables grown in that area.【Methods】The contents of heavy metal Mn,Zn and Pb in vegetable soils and some vegetables(romaine lettuce,shallot,garlic,crowndaisy chrysanthemum,spinach and cabbage)were tested and analyzed.【Results】The analysis indicated that the concentrations of Mn,Zn and Pb in all soils were significantly higher than those of the background values from other part of Hunan Province,respectively over 11.29,5.58 and 26.94 times.The potential ecolog-ical risk index(RI)of soil heavy metal was168.13,which was in a moderate level.The levels of heavy metals in vegetables were much higher than those of food hygiene standards.Intake of heavy metals from vegetables that might have a health risk to the human body was Pb,and the maximum health risk index(HRI)value was 1.626.【Conclusion】Some of the vegetablesaround manganese ore had a greater ability to absorb and accumulate heavy metals in soil,especially the roots.Long term consumption of local vegetables was a big risk to natives' health.