彩色多普勒超声在孕11～13^(+6)周中胎儿颅后窝结构的检测价值

The Value of Color Doppler Ultrasonography in the Detection of Fetal Posterior Fossa Structure in 11-13+6 Gestation Weeks

目的:探究彩色多普勒超声对怀孕11~13^(+6)周中胎儿颅后窝结构的检测价值。方法:本次观察选取了我院在2014年2月至2016年2月在孕11~13^(+6)周,单胎妊娠并接受颈部透明层(Nuchal Translucency,NT)检查的孕妇;其中,正常组胎儿502例,Dandy-Walker综合征胎儿3例,统计并分析两组孕妇的基本信息数据(年龄、孕周、身高、体重、是否近亲结婚、生育史等),通过多普勒超声图像测量胎儿头臀长(Crown-Rump Length,CRL)、NT值;从胎儿颅脑的两个切面(正中矢状切面及经前卤小脑横切面)观察并测量胎儿颅后窝结构(脑干(Brain Stem,BS)直径、小脑延髓池(Cistern Magna,CM)直径、脑干至枕骨(Brain Stem to Occipital Bone,BSOB)距离)。结果:两组孕妇在年龄、孕期、身高等基本信息上均无显著差异(P>0.05),但Dandy-Walker综合征胎儿的CRL较正常组胎儿的短(P<0.05),而NT则较正常组胎儿的厚(P<0.05);从两个切面得到的测量值来看,与正常组胎儿比较,3例DandyWalker综合征胎儿的BS及CM均减小(P<0.05),但BSOB有所增加(P<0.05)。结论:利用彩色多普勒超声,从正中矢状切面及经前卤小脑横切面检查11~13^(+6)周孕期的胎儿颅后窝结构,发现Dandy-Walker综合征胎儿颅后窝结构较正常组胎儿的有所区别,BS、CM及BSOB均发生变化,即彩色多普勒超声对11~13^(+6)周孕期胎儿的颅后窝结构检测具有一定利用价值。

Objective：To study the value of color doppler ultrasound in testing the structure of fetus posterior cranial-fossa during 11-13＋6 weeks pregnancy. Methods： The women of 11-13＋6-weeks pregnant diag- nosed monoeyesis and accepted nuchal translucency （NT） examination were observed in this article in our hospital from February 2014 to February 2016. There were 502 fetuses in the normal group, 3 Dandy-Walker syndrome cases were belonged to the control group. The basic information of two groups, including the women ＂s age, gestational age, height, weight, incest, childbearing history were recorded and analyzed. Using color doppler ultrasound to measure the fetal crown-rump length （CRL） and NT value. From scanning images of posterior cranial-fossa, including median sagittal section and premenstrual halid-e cerebellum transverse sec- tion, brain stem （BS） diameter, cistern magna （CM） diameter and the distance from brain stem to occipital bone （BSOB） were measured. Results： On the basic information, such as gestational age, height, weight and so on, there have no sig-nificant difference between the normal group and Dandy-Walker syndrome cases （P 〉0.05 ） , but the CRL of Dandy-Walker syndrome fetus was shorter than the normal （ P〈0.05 ） , while NT val- ue was higher than the normal （P〈0.05）. Moreover, in the control group, the BS and CM were decreased, however BSOB was increased （P〈0.05）. Conclusion：It＇s different about the posteri-or cranial-fossa between Dandy-Walker syndrome fetus and the normal, including BS, CM and BSOB. It proves that color doppler ultrasoundcan be used to test the structure of fetus posterior cranial-fossa during 11-13＋6 weeks＇ pregnancy, and screen abnormal fetus.