亚洲型舞毒蛾的羽化和生殖行为节律

Circadian Rhythm of Emergence and Reproduction of the Asian Gypsy Moth(Lymantria dispar asiatica,AGM)

为了探究亚洲型舞毒蛾(Lymantria dispar asiatica)的羽化和生殖昼夜节律,在自然光周期和温湿度条件下对亚洲型舞毒蛾成虫的羽化、求偶、交配及产卵行为进行了观察,并利用触角电位反应测定了处女雌蛾性信息素的合成量与日龄之间的关系。结果表明:亚洲型舞毒蛾雌蛾在化蛹后11 d,雄蛾在化蛹后12 d分别出现羽化高峰;雌雄蛾的羽化行为均发生在光期前2 h(02:00)至暗期3 h(21:00),雄蛾羽化高峰期为光期6 h(09:00),较雌蛾(11:00)提前2 h。雌蛾羽化约2 h后开始求偶,1日龄雌蛾的求偶率随时间的推移逐渐上升,而其他日龄的雌蛾仅在光周期开始后的1 h内求偶率降至当日最低(75%),其余时间达到或接近100%;2日龄雌蛾体内的性信息素合成量最高,以后逐日下降。成虫羽化当日即可交尾,室内交尾高峰期发生在光期11 h(14:00)左右,次高峰出现在暗期6 h(00:00)。产卵高峰期发生在光期3 h(06:00)左右,次高峰出现在暗期2 h(20:00)。综上可见,亚洲型舞毒蛾成虫的羽化和生殖行为存在明显的昼夜节律。

In order to study the eclosion and reproductive circadian rhythm of Lymantria dispar asiatica, their adult emergence, calling, mating and oviposition behaviors were observed under natural photoperiod, temperature and humidity conditions. The relationship between sex pheromone production and virgin female age was determined by testing male electroantennogram （EAG） response to the female sex-pheromone gland extracts. The gypsy moth emergence peaks occurred at 11 d （for females） and 12 d （for males） after their pupations. Both sexes of adults emerged from 2：00 am （2 h before the onset of photophase） to 9：00 pm （3 h into the seotophase） , with an emergence peak occurring at 9：00 am for males and one at 11：00 am for females, respectively. The female adults started to call for about 2 h after their emergence. The ＂calling rate＂ （ % of calling females） for the newly emerged females （1-day-old） increased gradually with time, and reached 75% during the 1 st photophase hour, and near 100% after that for the older females （2-day-old or older）. The sex pheromone content/ production was the highest in the 2-day-old females, and then decreased with aging. Adults started mating on the same day after their emergence, with a major peak occurring during daytime at 2：00 pm（ 11 h into the photophase） and a second （minor） peak appearing during night at 0：00 am （6 h into the seotophase）. The major ovipositon peak occurred during the photophase at 6 ： 00 am, and the second （minor） ovipositon peak appeared during the seotophase at 8 ： 00 pro. Therefore, L. dispar asiatica adults displayed obvious circadian rhythms in their emergence and reproductive behaviors.