不同高粱品种应对碱胁迫的生理响应及产量表现

Physiological Response and Yield Performance of Different Sorghum Varieties Under Alkali Stress

为探明碱胁迫对高粱不同品种生理生化及产量的影响,笔者运用以品种为主区,碱浓度为副区的裂区设计法对其进行了研究。结果表明:碱胁迫提高了高粱的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)的活性以及游离脯氨酸(Pro)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量,在碱浓度20~40 mmol/L范围内,随着碱胁迫浓度的增加SOD、POD、Pro及MDA都在增加;随生育期的推进,SOD、POD、MDA增加,而Pro则降低,但‘纽S×7’品种增加的幅度不明显,而‘13H2842’品种增加的幅度较明显;不同品种的光合速率均随着碱浓度的增加而降低,由此导致产量构成因素呈现出相似的变化趋势,最终形成了不同的产量。所以,在盐碱地上种植高粱,应选择对碱不敏感的品种,这样才有利于稳产和高产。

To clarify the effects of alkali stress on physiology and biochemistry and yield of different sorghum varieties, the split plot design method was used in this study, and variety was taken as the primary plot and alkali concentration as the secondary plot. The results showed that activities of SOD and POD were improved and the contents of Pro and MDA were increased under alkali stress. In 20-40 mmol/L alkali concentration, with the increase of concentration of alkali stress, SOD, POD, Pro and MDA increased. With the promotion of growth stage, SOD, POD and MDA increased, while Pro decreased. But the increase range of ＇Niu Sx7＇ was not obvious, and that of ＇ 13H2842＇ was more obvious. Photosynthetic rate of different varieties reduced with the increase of alkali concentration, and led to yield components showing a similar changing trend, and finally formed different yields.