生物质炭与氮肥配施对植烟土壤微生物量碳、氮和碳氮比的影响

Combined Application of Biomass Charcoal and Nitrogen Fertilizer:Effects on Microbial Biomass C,Microbial Biomass N and C/N in Tobacco Soil

旨在深入研究和开发利用生物质炭对植烟土壤改良及对提高烟叶品质的影响。以牡丹江地区暗棕土为研究对象,设置了生物质炭与氮肥配施不同梯度水平的试验,测定了生物质炭施加到植烟土壤3个关键时期的土壤微生物量碳、氮和C/N。结果表明:和对照相比,生物质炭和氮肥配施在烟株生长的3个关键期显著提高了土壤微生物量碳,最大提高幅度分别为63.25%、58.00%、69.81%,3个时期最大土壤微生物量氮分别是对照的2.29倍、2.79倍、2.01倍。生物质炭和氮肥配施土壤微生物C/N有不同程度的降低,3个时期降低幅度分别为24.06%~28.90%、29.37%~43.47%、20.64%~34.44%,其中1200 kg/hm^2生物质炭和5.5 kg/hm^2氮肥配施对土壤碳氮比降低效果比较明显。由此可知,通过生物质炭和氮肥配施可以有效地提高植烟土壤中土壤微生物量碳、微生物量氮及土壤中氮素生物活性。

In order to study the effect of biomass charcoal on soil improvement and quality of tobacco, dark brown soil in Mudanjiang was taken as the research object, an experiment of different-level biomass charcoal combined with nitrogen fertilizer was set up. The soil microbial biomass C, N and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio were measured in three key periods during biomass charcoal was applied to tobacco soil. The results showed that compared with control group, the combined application of biomass charcoal and N fertilizer in the three key periods significantly increased soil microbial biomass C, the biggest increasing range was 63.25%, 58.00% and 69.81%, respectively. The biggest soil microbial biomass N content in the three periods was 2.29 times, 2.79 times, 2.01 times as much as those of the control group. But the carbon-to-nitrogen of soil under the combined application of biomass charcoal and N fertilizer had different degrees of decrease, the reduction in the three periods was 24.06%-28.90%, 29.37%-43.47%, 20.64%-34.44%, respectively, and the combined application of 1200 kg/hm2 biomass charcoal and 5.5 kg/hm2 N fertilizer had obvious reduction effect of the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of soil. Therefore, the combined application of biomass charcoal and N fertilizer could effectively improve soil microbial biomass C and soil microbial biomass N content, and N biological activity of dark brown soil.