我国煤矿主要灾害事故特点及防治对策

Features and prevention countermeasures of major disasters occurred in China coal mine

为有效防范和遏制煤矿重特大事故,实现煤矿安全生产形势持续稳定好转,对2011—2016年我国煤矿主要灾害瓦斯、水害、火灾、顶板、煤尘事故的基本情况和灾害特点进行了分类论述,对各类事故暴露出的主要问题和教训进行了详细分析,据此提出了防治重大灾害的"五个转变"措施建议,即由局部治理为主向区域治理为主转变,由人防为主向人防技防物防综合治理转变,由"单打独斗"向群防群治转变,由灾害管控为主向风险预控为主转变,由过程防治为主向源头预防为主转变。

In order to effectively prevent and control the major accidents occurred in coal mine and to realize the safety production situation to be sustainable stable and better, the classified discussion was conducted on the basic condition and disaster features of the major disaster gas ,water disaster,fire disaster, roof and coal dust accidents occurred in China coal mines from year of 2011 to 2016. The detail analysis was conducted on the major problems and lessons from the each type accident. Therefore, ＂five changes＂ measure proposals to prevent and control the major disasters were provided. Thus the local control as a main would be changed to the regional control as a main,the human prevention would be changed to comprehensive prevention and control with human prevention, technical prevention and material prevention, the ＂going it alone＂ would be changed to group prevention and group control, the disaster management and control as a main would be changed to a risk prevention and control and the process provention and control as a main would be changed to a source prevention as a main.