清末民初崞县同川大马社火习俗探析

Research on the Customs of Dama Shehuo in Tongchuan of Guo County in Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China

崞县同川地区在古代历来为兵家修养生息之地,每年会举行练兵演习,后与祭祀神灵的社祭结合,逐渐演变成了大马社火表演。社火队在每次演出前由社火组织者招募,村民自愿参与。演出的服装、道具专门制作,配以脸谱,与所演人物一一对应。群体性的参与和以武打为主要内容的表演形式,起到了娱乐身心、强身健体的作用,而清末民初以社火表演作为宣传革命、演练兵团的载体,又使社火具有了联合志士、聚合人心的功能。

Tongchuan of Guo county in ancient times have always been the place for the soldiers to recuperate. Every year there are troop training exercises, which later are combined with the sacrifices practices to the god and gradual- ly evolved into Dama Shehuo performance. The Shehuo team is recruited by the organizers, and the villagers volun- teer to participate. The clothing, and props used in the performance are specially made, which match the correspond- ent facial masks, thus the correspondent roles. Group participation and the performance of martial arts play a role in amusing the minds and building the bodies. And Shehuo, as the carrier of publicizing the revolution and training the troops in late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China, has the function of associating honest patriots and increas- ing cohesion.