社会质量视角下社会工作介入城市低保服务策略研究——以广州市D街道为例

社会质量理论指出在提升公民社会福利状况的同时,需要着重发掘个人潜能,增加其参与社区的社会和经济活动机会。目前我国城市居民最低生活保障较为注重经济救助,而较少作用于低保群体潜能发掘和社会融入的提升。在社会质量理论视角下,以社工与社区内其他组织、机构良好密切的合作关系为基础,社工需要针对低保群体"个人—家庭—社会"三个层面,开展心理压力疏导、自我效能感提升和社会交往增强等专业服务。结合我国社会工作的发展现状,在城市低保社工服务介入过程中,应明晰社工的角色定位、厘清社工与其他服务主体的权责界限、强化社工政策倡导的专业使命,透过服务型救助,协助城市低保群体最终摆脱贫困状态、成为自食其力的社会公民。

According to social quality theory, it is important to improve people＇s potential and increase economic and social activities, when strengthening their social welfare input. Nowadays, the policy of urbanites＇ minimum living security overemphasizes to provide material assistance, and rarely concerns on potential improvement and social inclusion of low-income people. On perspectives of social quality theory, the interventions for low-income people should be in the basis of strong collaborations between social worker and other community organizations. The content of professional services, provided by social workers, include to relive mental pressure, strengthen self-efficacy, modify job expectation, improve family relationship and increase social contact of low- income people, Considering China＇s social work development, it indicates that during the intervention of low-income people we should clarify the role and position of social worker, define working boundary and relative responsibilities between social worker and other workers, and reinforce social worker＇s function on policy advocacy. By service assistance on low-income people from social worker, it is expected that the low-income people would liberate from poverty life and finally earn his own living.