剪切散斑干涉技术及应用研究进展

Research progress in shearography and its applications

剪切散斑干涉技术是一种非接触测量物体变形缺陷的光学无损测量方法,其通过计算物体变形前后的散斑图中的相位获取被测物的应变缺陷信息。近年来该技术在航空、航天等工业无损检测领域得到了广泛的应用。本文从系统关键技术、散斑图像处理技术两方面介绍了剪切散斑干涉技术的研究进展,详细论述了多种剪切装置实现大视角测量、空间载波实现动态测量、多种图像处理算法的一系列剪切散斑干涉技术;最后介绍了剪切散斑干涉技术的国内外应用进展,展望了剪切散斑干涉技术在动态测量、光滑表面测量及定量反算形变量等方面的发展趋势。

Shcarography is an optical non-destructive measurement method for defects detection without contacting objects. Using this method we can obtain the information of defects by calculating phases of speckle pattern of the object before and after deformations. This technology has been widely used in aerospace and other industrial non-destructive measurement fields. In this paper, we introduce the progress of shearography from two aspects： its key technologies which include various shearing device for achieving a large viewing angle and spatial carrier technology for dynamic measurement, and speckle image processing technology which includes a variety of image processing algorithms. Finally, we describe the domestic and international application of shearography and prospect the development direction on the application of shearography to the dynamic meas-urement, measurement of smooth surfaces and back-calculation of deformation derivatives for the amount of deformation quantitatively calculated.