黄芪和黄连活性提取物对凡纳滨对虾代谢相关酶的影响

Effects of Astragalus radix and Coptis chinensis Extracts on Metabolic Enzymes Activities of White Shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)

本文研究了黄芪和黄连活性提取物在凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)体内的代谢过程及损伤效应。实验设置6个实验组:黄芪多糖(黄芪提取物)0.5、1g/kg,小檗碱(黄连提取物)0.5、1g/kg,黄芪多糖0.5g/kg+小檗碱0.5g/kg,对照组(投喂配合饲料)。投喂含中草药的饲料6天后投喂配合饲料10天,检测凡纳滨对虾的代谢酶含量、抗氧化指标及组织损伤指标。研究表明:黄芪、黄连活性提取物对凡纳滨对虾代谢相关酶影响显著(P<0.05)。各处理组肝胰腺CYP450含量、GST活性均于第6天时达到最大值,停药3天后仍明显高于对照组(P<0.05);混合处理组CYP450含量、GST活性高于同浓度单独处理组。投喂6天内,黄芪、黄连活性提取物均显著提高凡纳滨对虾T-AOC、SOD活性、GSH含量及GSH/GSSG;混合处理组各指标高于同浓度单独处理组,各组织抗氧化水平大小为:血淋巴>肝胰腺。黄芪多糖0.5、1g/kg及黄芪多糖0.5g/kg+小檗碱0.5g/kg对凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺和鳃脂质过氧化和蛋白质羰基化无显著影响,而小檗碱0.5、1g/kg显著造成凡纳滨对虾组织损伤;停药3天后,脂质过氧化程度恢复至正常水平,而羰基含量保持稳定直到实验结束。研究结果表明,各组织DNA损伤与中草药活性提取物浓度显著相关,表现出明显的时间剂量效应,可作为中草药活性提取物对凡纳滨对虾安全性评价的指标。

The effects of Astragalus radix and Coptis chinensis extracts on metabolic enzymes, antioxidant defense and biomolecule damage of shrimp （Litopenaeus vannamei ） were investigated. Six diets containing A. radix extract （Astragalus polysaccharide） （0. 5, 1 g/kg）, C. chinensis extract （berberine） （0. 5, 1 g/kg）, the combination of Astragalus polysaccharide （0. 5 g/kg） and berberine （0. 5g/kg）, and a control were used. Shrimps were fed with the extract containing diets for 6 days followed by a period feeding the common diet for 10 days. Results showed that A. radix and C. chinensis extracts had signif- icant effects on metabolic enzymes, antioxidant parameters and biomolecule damage of L. vannamei （P〈0.05）. CYP450 content and GST activity in hepatopancreas of the experimental groups increased in 12 days, and then recovered to those of the control in 6 days of feeding the common diet. CYP450 content and GST activity in composite extracts group were higher than those in single extract groups. A. radix and C. chinensis extracts significantly improved the T-AOC, SOD activity, GSH content and the ratio of GSH to GSSG in hemolymph and hepatopancreas of shrimp L. vannamei in 6 days of feed- ing. These parameters could provide the scientific basis for the application of herb extracts in aquacul- ture. F values in single extract groups showed peak changes in 12 days, reached the minimum on day 6 and recovered to that of control after 6 days of feeding the common diet. No significant DNA damage was observed in composite extracts group. The MDA and PC contents in hepatopancreas and gill of C. chinensisextract groups reached the maximum on day 6, and MDA content recovered to that of the control after 3 days of feeding the common diet. There was no significant MDA content and PC content in A. radix extract groups and composite extracts group. Our findings indicated that DNA damage in hepatopancreas and gill was significantly dose and time dependent, and could be used as a safety evaluation index of herbal extracts.