枢椎骨折的临床治疗进展

Treatment Progress of Axis Fracture

上颈椎是指位于枕骨和C节段之间的结构,包括枕骨髁、寰椎、枢椎及其间的韧带、椎间盘等软组织。近年来,随着我国经济的发展,交通工具的增加以及建筑事业的发展,事故也频发,颈椎损伤在临床上也越来越常见。上颈椎损伤占颈椎损伤的1/3,而枢椎骨折又在上颈椎骨折中较为常见。由于枢椎在脊柱中解剖结构较为特殊,使其骨折形式较为多样化,目前临床上尚无统一的治疗方案,因此对于枢椎骨折的治疗存在诸多争议。本文就枢椎骨折的基础、诊断和治疗等相关问题进行综述。

Upper cervical spine is located between the occipital and the cervical spine on C2-3, including the occipital condyle, atlas, axis, ligaments and the intervertebral disc tissue.In recent yesrs, with the development of our national economy, traffic getting heavier and architectural development, accidents become more frequent, cervical spine injuries are more and more common.Upper cervical spine injruies account for a third in cervical spine fracture, among them, axis fractures are the most common.As a special anatomical structure in the spine, axis fracture forms are diversified.So far, there are no unified treatment in clinical practice, and the treatment of axial fractures have always been hotly debated.This review focuses on advanced study relevant to the basis, diagnosis and treatment of axis fracture.