进步主义的敌人——马尔萨斯250周年诞辰之后重读《人口原理》

The enemy of progressivism:rereading the Principle of Population after malthus's 250th birth anniversary

经过文本内容分析与知识社会学分析,《人口原理》的主旨被确定为关于进步主义乌托邦图景所面临障碍的系统阐释。在马尔萨斯的时代,进步主义者对资本主义导致的社会问题进行了诊断,提出了以激进的制度变革来实现社会进步的诊方。人口原理否定了这一进步主义方案的可行性与必要性。马尔萨斯是进步主义的敌人,却并非进步的敌人。马尔萨斯以人口原理为框限,在审视各种社会进步方案后,给出了社会进步的可行性参考,为思考社会的发展提供了借鉴。

Through text content analysis and knowledge sociology analysis, the theme of the principle of population is identified as a systematic explanation of the obstacles faced by the progressive utopian. In the era of Malthus, the progressives diagnosed the social problems caused by capitalism and put forward the way to realize the social progress by radical institutional change. The principle of population deny the feasibility and necessity of the progressive scheme. Malthus is the enemy of progressivism, but not the enemy of progress. Malthus pointed out the feasibility of social progress under the framework of population principle after reviewing various social progress schemes, thus providing a reference for the development of society.