基于激光扫描和无人机倾斜摄影的露天采场安全监测应用

Application of safety monitoring in open pit based on laser scanning and UAV oblique photography

为解决露天采场安全监测中观测困难、效率低下等问题,结合引用三维激光扫描和无人机倾斜摄影等三维测量技术开展露天采场安全监测融合应用研究。通过应用研究表明:2类技术结合应用可实现露天采场生产环境信息完整三维数据采集;通过统一控制点坐标系和基于点云特征点的迭代最临近点配准算法(ICP)可有效融合2类点云数据,能构建高时效、高精度、高分辨率的采场三维点云模型;融合的三维模型能直观再现采场生产环境,多尺度精准监测安全隐患问题,有效辅助采场生产安全规划;该技术方案弥补了人工安全监测缺陷,提高了安全监测效率,可适用于矿山尾矿库、水电大坝等其他危险源安全监测应用。

To solve the problems of safety monitoring in open pit, such as the difficult monitoring and the low efficiency, etc. , the fusion application research on safety monitoring in open pit was carried out by combining the 3D laser scanning technology with the unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） oblique photography technology. The application research showed that the complete 3D data collection of production environment information in open pit can be achieved by the combined applica- tion of two technologies. Two types of point cloud data can be fused effectively through the unified controlling point coordi- nates and the iterative closest point registration algorithm （ICP） based on the feature points of point cloud, then the high- timeliness, high-accuracy and high-resolution 3D point cloud model of open pit can be established. The fusion 3D model can reappear the production environment of open pit intuitively, monitor the potential safety hazard precisely in multi-scale, and assist the work safety planning of open pit effectively. The technical solution makes up the defects of manual safety monito- ring, improves the efficiency of safety monitoring, and is suitable for safety monitoring application of other hazards, such as mine tailings, hydropower dams, etc.