土地征收中的公平补偿与增值收益分配

Just Compensation and Distribution of Land Added Value in Eminent Domain

"公共利益+正当程序+公平补偿"是一个公认的征地准则。在中国,"公平补偿"是破解征地困局的切入口。世界主要发达国家在理论和实践中最终都将"公平补偿"指向了"市场价值",但是确定"市场价值"只是达到"公平补偿"的手段,而非目的。"市场价值"的确立依赖于统一成熟的土地市场,在缺乏法律和制度保障的前提下,对中国集体土地市场价格的确定并非易事。"统一年产值标准/区片综合地价+增值收益分配"的模式则为变相回归"市场价值"提供了新的路径。

The combination of Public interest,Due Process of Law and Just Compensation is the universal principle for eminent domain. In China,just compensation can act as a good starting point in the search of solutions to issues concerning eminent domain.The major developed countries have all adopted market-value-based just compensation. However,market value offers a means instead of an aim. What is more,just compensation has to be established under an integrated and mature land market in both cases.Therefore,with the absence of constitutionality,it is a challenge to set up a common pricing standard in China ＇s land market. And,such a challenge can be met by combing common standards on annual output/regional land value with distribution of land added,which offers an alternative route to obtain market value.