三种野生地被植物叶片解剖结构与抗旱性关系研究

Study on Relationship between Blade Anatomical Structure and Drought Resistance of Three Wild Clover Plants

以北方常见的3种野生地被植物荠菜、盐芥、紫花地丁为材料,通过徒手切片,观察3种植物的叶片表皮毛、气孔密度、气孔指数、气孔大小、叶片厚度、叶表皮厚度、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度、叶脉厚度,测定叶片栅栏组织结构紧密度(CTR)、海绵组织结构紧密度等指标,比较3种植物的抗旱性,为今后在园林中的推广应用和生产实践提供理论依据。结果显示,在表皮毛及气孔特征上,荠菜和紫花地丁的抗旱能力表现得更强;在解剖结构特征上,盐芥叶片的叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度均显著高于紫花地丁和荠菜,紫花地丁叶片的主脉厚度及CTR明显高于盐芥和荠菜;隶属函数综合评价显示,3种地被植物抗旱能力表现为紫花地丁最强,盐芥与荠菜基本一致。

This test material is three common wild ground cover plants in the North, ThellungieUa salsuginea, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Viola philippica. Sliced by hand, the leaf epidermis, stomatal density, stomatal size, leaf thickness, leaf epidermis thickness, palisade tissue thickness, leaf thickness, spongy tissue thickness were observed. The leaf palisade structure and the tightness of blade structure were determined. The drought resistance of three plants was compared. This could provide theoretical basis for the application and production practice in the garden from now on. The results showed that Capsella bursa-pastoris and Viola philippica were stronger drought resistance on the epidermis and stomatal characteristics. The leaf thickness, palisade tissue thickness and spongy tissue thickness of Thellungiella salsuginea on the anatomical characters of 3 cover plants was significantly higher than Viola philippica and Capsella bursa-pastoris.The blade main vein roughness and CTR of Viola philippica were significantly higher than Thellungiella salsuginea and Capsella bursa-pastoris. The comprehensive evaluation showed that Violaphilippica had the most strongest drought resistance in the three wild clover plants by the membership function, Thellungiella sa!suginea and Capsella bursa-pastoris were the same.