基于网络实时数据的交通拥堵与用地关系研究——以天津市滨海新区为例

Relationship Between Traffic Congestion and Land Use Based on Online Data: Taking Tianjin Binhai New Area as an Example

为量化用地规划与交通拥堵的关系,以天津市滨海新区核心区为研究区域,首先提取区内的兴趣点并以用地建筑面积进行量化;然后基于地理信息系统,将核心区的实时路况电子地图矢量化,并构建核心区道路间的拓扑关系;根据原发性拥堵与继发性拥堵时序上的差异性,找出原发性拥堵点,并基于拥堵点的拥堵时间属性进行空间聚类,得到各类拥堵区域的平均拥堵时间;最后利用量化后的兴趣点对各拥堵区域内的用地进行分析,并建立拥堵时间与各类用地之间的相关性模型。研究结果表明,在工作日早晚高峰期,商业用地、居住用地、教育用地、公司用地与拥堵时间具有明显的正相关性,其中以商业用地为主的区域内拥堵最严重;另外不同的用地配比与拥堵时间具有明显相关性,且当用地配比为1.138时,该区域内的拥堵时间最短。

In order to study the relationship between traffic congestion and land use, some points of interest were extracted from an electronic map in the core region of Tianjin Binhai New Area and were quantified by the architectural area of the land used. Then the real-time traffic of core region was vectorized and the topological relations were built based on GIS（Geographic Information System）. The primary congestion points and secondary congestion points were identified by the difference in time sequence. Next, the cluster analysis based on the attributes of congestion time was conducted to obtain the average congestion time. Finally, the land use in each congestion area was analyzed by using POI（Point of Interest）, and the correlated model between congestion time and various types of land was developed. The results show that the positive correlation among commercial land, residential land, education land and company land with congestion time is significant in rush hours of workday, and the area with high proportion of commercial land has the most serious congestion. In addition, it is found that different proportions of land use has strong correlation with congestion time, and the shortest congestion time would be gotten if the proportion of land use is 1.138.