春小麦品种及种质资源对燕麦孢囊线虫的抗性

Resistance of Spring wheat varieties and germplasm resources to Heterodera avenae

为了寻找抗燕麦孢囊线虫的春小麦品种和种质资源,采用室内二龄幼虫接种法和田间病圃鉴定法,对21个青海省春小麦品种和88份春小麦种质资源进行了抗病性测试。室内二龄幼虫接种鉴定结果表明:所有供试小麦品种及种质资源均不同程度的感病,其中4个小麦品种的单株根系白雌虫和孢囊量大于10小于20,属于中感,剩余17个小麦品种及88份小麦种质资源均为高感;田间病圃鉴定结果表明:8个小麦品种和42份小麦种质资源的Pf/Pi值≤1,表现抗病,其余13个小麦品种及46份小麦种质资源表现感病。田间病圃鉴定受当年气候等因素影响较大,表现抗病的品种及种质资源比例偏高,室内二龄幼虫接种鉴定结果更为准确。本研究可为春小麦抗燕麦孢囊线虫育种提供理论参考。

To find spring wheat varieties or germplasm resources resistant to Heterodera avenae, 21 Qinghai spring wheat varieties and 88 spring wheat germplasm resources were evaluated by two meth-ods ;the second juvenile inoculation test in greenhouse and field test. The inoculation test indicated that all spring wheat varieties and germplasm resources were susceptible at different degrees. The number of white females and cysts per plant was between 10 and 20 of four spring wheat varieties, showing middle susceptible, and the other 105 spring wheat varieties and germplasm resources showed high susceptible to Heterodera avenae ; The field test showed that 8 Qinghai spring wheat va-rieties and 42 spring wheat germplasm resources showed resistance to Heterodera avenae with Pf/Pi equal or smaller than 1 , and the rest 59 spring wheat varieties and germplasm resources showed sus-ceptible to Heterodera avenae. The field test was influenced the climate and other factors of the year, which showed that the ratio of resistant varieties and germplasm resources was on the high side. The results of second juvenile inoculation test in greenhouse were more accurate. Result of this research can provide scientific information for spring wheat breeding on selection of high resistant spring wheat resource.