《中国日报》和《纽约时报》就脱欧事件新闻报道的批评性语篇分析

A Critical Discourse Analysis of Brexit-related News in China Daily and The New York Times

本研究以韩礼德的系统功能语法为理论框架,按照英国脱欧公投的前、中、后三个阶段,从《中国日报》和《纽约时报》各选取三篇与脱欧事件相关的新闻报道,对比分析两家媒体在词汇分类、转换(被动化)、情态等方面的异同,探究作者的立场和观点并揭示其中蕴含的意识形态和语言、权力的关系。分析结果表明,两家媒体对脱欧事件的报道存在明显的差异,表现在《中国日报》用词多样化,使用被动化覆盖了较多的受影响者,并且运用可能性适中的情态动词做出推断,而《纽约时报》使用大量名词描述混乱的局面,对欧盟的评论较多,使用被动化着力突出脱欧派带来的影响,并且在推断时语气较肯定,这体现了中美两国主流媒体意识形态的不同,证明了新闻语篇是传递意识形态的工具,揭示了语言和意识形态都受到权力的约束。对新闻语篇的批评性分析能够增强读者对新闻报道的敏感度,以及对意识形态的批评意识。

Based on Halliday＇ s Systemic-functional Grammar, the thesis selects three Brexit-related news samples from China Daily and The New York Times respectively in terms of before- referendum, during-referendum and post-referendum periods and makes detailed analysis from the perspective oflexical classification, passivization and morality in order to reflect the reporters＇ positions and then reveal the complex relationships among language, ideology and power. According to the analysis, there exist obvious distinctions between Brexit-related news from two mass media. China Daily uses various words, covers more affected parts and makes prediction with modal verbs which have proper possibility, while The New York Times uses lots of nouns to describe the chaos with few comments against the EU, emphasizes the influence of the leave camp and makes prediction with a solid tone, which embodies the differences of their ideologies. The thesis also proves that news discourse is a tool of spreading ideologies and reveals that language together with ideology is bound by power. Critical discourse analysis of news discourse can strengthen the readers＇ critical sensibility and their critical awareness towards news reports.