迷宫形开孔硬质聚氨酯泡沫制备和性能研究

Preparation and property of rigid polyurethane foam with labyrinth opening

以多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯(PM-200)、聚醚多元醇(5110)为主要原料,以硅油(L580)为稳泡剂,水(H2O)为发泡剂,采用一步发泡法制备一系列不同密度硬质聚氨酯泡沫材料,通过水压穿孔工艺实现硬质聚氨酯泡沫开孔,制备具有形如迷宫样的相互贯通的开孔硬质聚氨酯泡沫。研究了泡沫密度和开孔压力对泡沫开孔率和压缩强度的影响,以及开孔率对吸声系数的影响。结果表明:开孔压力越大,相应的开孔率越大;在开孔压力相同的情况下,泡沫的密度越小,开孔率越大;开孔率越大,材料吸声系数越大;开孔压力的变化对泡沫压缩强度影响不大。

A series of rigid polyurethane foams with different densities were synthesized through one step method using polymethylenepolyphenyl isocyanate（PM 200） ,polyether polyol （5110） as main materials,silicone oil （1.580） as foam stabilizer and water （H2O） as foaming agent. In order to open the closed cells,hydraulic piercing process was applied to destroy the weak areas of the cells. And labyrinth opening structure was obtained. The influence of foam density and operating pressure on the compression strength and the opening rate,and the effect of opening rate on absorption coefficient was stud led. The results showed that the opening rate increased greatly after hydraulic piercing. Under the same operating pressure, the foam with lower density had the higher opening ratio. And higher opening rate could lead to greater absorption coefficient. Operating pressure had little influence on the compressive strength of foam.