头颈鳞状细胞癌化疗耐药分子机制研究进展

Molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）起源于口腔、咽、喉等上呼吸道及上消化道的鳞状上皮，占头颈部恶性肿瘤的90%以上，是全球第6种最常见的癌。对不能局部切除病变的晚期HNSCC患者，联合化疗和放疗是目前的主要治疗手段。然而，化疗耐药的产生极大地限制了化疗药物的应用，是治疗失败的主要原因。因此，阐明HNSCC化疗耐药产生的机制显得尤为重要。现将HNSCC化疗耐药的分子机制综述如下。

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma（HNSCC） is an aggressive neoplasm with the properties of local recurrence and distant metastasis. Currently, cisplatin-based chemotherapy or concurrent radiochemotherapy is still the first choice or the treatment of advanced HNSCC. However, chemoresistance greatly limited the effec- tiveness of chemotherapy. Therefore, illustrating the mechanisms of chemoresistance is very important for the treatment of HNSCC. In this article, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of chemoresitance in HNSCC from the perspective of drug efflux, apoptosis, DNA damage and repair, epithelial mesenchymal transition and autoph- agy.