量子点荧光成像在肿瘤诊治应用研究进展

Advance of quantum dots in fluorescence imaging and tumor therapy

量子点(quantum dot,QD),又名"人造原子",是一种用原子人工合成的纳米材料,其在紫外光激发下可发出不同波长的荧光。QD直径小、发出的荧光峰窄、荧光亮度持久,具有取代有机染料用于肿瘤诊治的潜能。总结近年QD在荧光成像及肿瘤诊治方面的研究进展。方法应用PubMed及中国知网(CNKI)数据库检索系统,以"quantum dots,fluorescence imaging,oncotherapy,tumor therapy,量子点,肿瘤治疗,肿诊断,荧光成像"为关键词,检索2005-01—2016-03的相关文献391篇。纳入标准:(1)可用于生物荧光成像的低毒化QD;(2)靶向识别的功能化QD。根据纳入标准最终分析31篇文献。结果低毒化QD在细胞成像、活体靶向成像、淋巴结成像、活体肿瘤成像、活体肿瘤细胞示踪等荧光成像方面的研究,使正确定位淋巴结、利用QD深成像能力发现极小的肿瘤、乃至彻底切除肿瘤组织成为可能。功能化QD在肿瘤早期诊断和治疗上发挥更大作用,QD的药物靶向和QD介导的光热治疗肿瘤也有很好的临床应用前景。结论QD在生物荧光成像及肿瘤诊疗中的潜力巨大,具有进一步探索开发利用于临床的价值。

Quantum dot （QD）, also named ＂artificial atom＂, is a synthetic nanomaterial using atomic, which can e-mit different wavelengths of fluorescence under UV excitation; the small diameter of QD as well as the narrow peak and the lasting brightness of the fluorescence emitted by QD make QD a potential dye substituted with organic dye for the diagnosis and treatment of tumor. The study aimed to summarize the research progress of quantum dots （QDs） in fluorescence imaging and tumor diagnosis and treatment in recent years. METHODS PubMed and CNKI database retrieval system in China were used to retrieve key words quantum dots, fluorescence imaging, oncotherapy, tumor therapy, cancer treatment, swollen diagnosis and fluorescence imaging from 2005-01 to 2016-03 and 391 references were selected. Inclu- sion criteria： usable QDs in bioluminescence imaging with low toxicity; functionalized QDs with target capacity. Accord- ing to the inclusion criteria analysis, 31 articles were analyzed in the end. RESULTS The Studies of fluorescence imaging of low toxicity quantum dots in cell imaging, target imaging in vivo, lymph node imaging, tumor imaging in vivo, tumor cells tricking in vivo and the like have set the stage for rightly lymph nodes locating, using deep imaging property of QDs to find small tumors and thoroughly resecting tumor tissues. Functionalized QDs could do much more in early tumor diag- nosis and treatment, QDs mediateddrug targeting treatment and thermal therapy also have promising prospects in clinic applications. CONCLUSION Quantum dots in biological fluorescence imaging and tumor diagnosis and treatment field have great potential, further exploration and development of QDs utilization in clinic are valuable.